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A gear coupling is a high-torque mechanical connector for non-collinear shafts, using internal/external gear teeth in sleeves to transmit power while compensating for angular, radial, and axial misalignment, making it ideal for heavy industrial uses like steel mills, pumps, and conveyors where high power density and reliability are crucial, though it requires proper lubrication and maintenance for longevity. 

How it works

Components: Two hubs (with external gear teeth) attach to each shaft, connected by sleeves (with internal gear teeth).

Misalignment Compensation: The gear teeth allow for movement, flexing to handle angular (side-to-side), radial (offset), and axial (end-to-end) misalignment between shafts.

Torque Transmission: High surface contact between the crowned gear teeth provides efficient, high-torque power transfer with exceptional torsional stiffness. 

Key Features & Benefits

High Torque: Capable of handling very high torque loads.

Compact: Offers a high power-to-weight ratio, fitting into tight spaces.

Reliable: Provides long service life with proper lubrication.

Versatile: Available in various configurations (single/double engagement, rigid/flexible halves) for different needs. 

Applications

Roll drives (steel, paper industries)

Pumps, fans, conveyors

Power generation equipment 

Maintenance

Requires periodic lubrication (grease) to protect the gear teeth.

Proper alignment during installation is critical for reliability and longevity. 

About Rokang
Jiangsu Rokang Heavy Industry Technology Co., Ltd.
Jiangsu Rokang Heavy Industry Technology Co., Ltd. has fixed assets of more than 80 million yuan, and has a team of professional talents in mechanical design, precision manufacturing, heat treatment, welding, etc.; the company has a one-stop complete set of processing facilities and a series of quality inspection systems such as measurement, physical and chemical, and dynamic testing, and has a comprehensive mechanical processing capability. Gear Couplings Manufacturers and Drum Gear Couplings Factory in China. For many years, the company has been committed to the research and development and manufacturing of ball cage type constant velocity universal couplings, cross shaft type universal couplings, and drum gear couplings. It has carried out close industry-university-research cooperation with military and local scientific research institutes and Power Engineering Department of PLA Naval Academy, and has continuously expanded into the fields of precision, heavy load and high speed. The products have successfully replaced foreign famous brand products with excellent performance, and the process technology has reached the international advanced level. It has been widely used in lifting and transportation, metallurgical machinery, metal rolling, engineering machinery, mining machinery, petrochemical, textile machinery, military ships, armored vehicles, railway locomotives, special vehicles and other fields. The product quality and service have been recognized and praised by the majority of users, and are exported to Europe, America, Russia, the Middle East, India and other countries and regions. In recent years, the company has been committed to the in-depth research and development of ball cage constant velocity universal couplings, and has successively developed ball cage constant velocity universal couplings for screw pumps, ball spline ball cage constant velocity universal couplings, coaxial double-speed, and double-way ball cage constant velocity universal couplings. Custom Drum Gear Couplings. It fundamentally solves the new problems that users currently encounter during use. The company has always adhered to the business purpose of "quality first, honest management, and customer first". We are willing to work with you with excellent products, preferential prices and thoughtful services to create a brilliant career!

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Understanding Gear Couplings in Heavy-Duty Power Transmission

Gear couplings are widely used mechanical connectors designed for transmitting high torque between rotating shafts that are not perfectly aligned. By utilizing the engagement between external gear teeth on hubs and internal gear teeth within sleeves, gear couplings achieve stable torque transfer while allowing controlled movement between shafts. This structural principle makes them suitable for industrial environments where load fluctuation, shaft deflection, and installation tolerances are common.

Compared with elastic or rubber-based couplings, gear couplings focus on mechanical strength and torsional rigidity. Their compact structure supports high power density, which is often required in metallurgical equipment, heavy conveyors, rolling mills, and large-scale pumps.

Working Principle of Gear Couplings

A standard gear coupling consists of two hubs mounted on the driving and driven shafts, along with one or two sleeves that enclose the hubs. The hubs feature external gear teeth, while the sleeves are machined with corresponding internal gear teeth. Torque is transmitted through the continuous meshing of these teeth.

To accommodate shaft misalignment, the gear teeth are often crowned. This allows the teeth to slide slightly during operation, compensating for angular, radial, and axial displacement without interrupting power transmission. Proper lubrication between the tooth surfaces reduces friction and wear during this movement.

Drum Gear Couplings and Their Structural Characteristics

Drum gear couplings are a specialized type of gear coupling in which the sleeve adopts a drum-shaped profile. This design increases the contact area between the gear teeth during misaligned operation, distributing loads more evenly across the tooth surface.

In heavy-load applications such as steel rolling and mining machinery, drum gear couplings help reduce localized stress and improve operational stability. The geometry of the drum gear structure supports larger angular displacement while maintaining consistent torque transmission.

Misalignment Compensation Capabilities

One of the core functions of gear couplings and drum gear couplings is their ability to handle multiple types of misalignment. This capability is essential in large mechanical systems where thermal expansion, foundation settlement, or shaft deflection may occur during operation.

  • Angular misalignment caused by shaft inclination
  • Radial misalignment resulting from parallel shaft offset
  • Axial displacement due to thermal expansion or load changes

The crowned tooth profile plays a central role in enabling these movements while maintaining stable engagement between mating components.

Torque Capacity and Power Density

Gear couplings are known for their ability to transmit very high torque within a relatively small envelope. The metal-to-metal contact between gear teeth allows them to handle loads that exceed the capabilities of many flexible coupling types.

This high torque capacity makes gear couplings suitable for applications where space is limited but mechanical output requirements are demanding. Drum gear couplings further enhance this characteristic by improving load sharing under misaligned conditions.

Industrial Applications of Gear and Drum Gear Couplings

Due to their structural strength and operational stability, gear couplings and drum gear couplings are widely applied across heavy industries. Their use supports continuous operation in systems subjected to shock loads and variable working conditions.

  • Rolling mill drives in steel and non-ferrous metal production
  • Large pumps, fans, and compressors in power and petrochemical plants
  • Conveyors and lifting equipment in mining and bulk material handling
  • Marine propulsion systems and railway equipment

Maintenance and Lubrication Considerations

Lubrication plays a critical role in the service life of gear couplings. Grease or oil forms a protective film on the gear tooth surfaces, reducing friction and minimizing wear during relative movement.

Regular inspection of seals, lubricant condition, and tooth surfaces helps maintain stable operation. Correct shaft alignment during installation also contributes to reducing abnormal loads on the coupling components.

Manufacturing Strength Behind Reliable Gear Couplings

Jiangsu Rokang Heavy Industry Technology Co., Ltd. has developed comprehensive manufacturing capabilities covering mechanical design, precision machining, heat treatment, and welding. With complete processing equipment and quality inspection systems, the company supports consistent production of gear couplings and drum gear couplings for demanding industrial environments.

Through long-term research and cooperation with scientific research institutions, Rokang has expanded its product range into precision, heavy-load, and high-speed coupling solutions. These products are applied across metallurgy, mining, petrochemical, transportation, and marine industries, meeting diverse operating conditions.

Comparison of Standard Gear Couplings and Drum Gear Couplings

Structure Straight sleeve design Drum-shaped sleeve profile
Load Distribution Standard tooth contact More uniform tooth contact
Misalignment Capacity Moderate Higher angular tolerance
Typical Applications General heavy machinery Steel mills and mining equipment

Conclusion

Gear couplings and drum gear couplings remain key components in heavy-duty power transmission systems. Their mechanical strength, high torque capability, and ability to accommodate misalignment support stable operation in complex industrial environments. Supported by advanced manufacturing processes and application experience, these coupling solutions continue to play an important role in modern industrial equipment.